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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (June 15, 1922)
8 JTHE MOEXEfO OREGOXIAN, THURSDAY, JTJTTE 15, 1923 ESTABLISHED BY HENRy L. FITTOCK Xub!i je& by The Oregontan Pub. Co.. 135 Sixth Street. Portland, Oregon. C. X. MOBDBN. i IB. B. PIPER. Manager. Editor. The Oreironian is a member oil the As sociated Presa The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for publi cation of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited In this paper and also the local news, published herein. All rights of publication of special dis patches herein are also reserved. Subscription Bates Invariably in Advance. (By Mail.) Bally. Sunday included, one year ... .$8.00 Daily, Sunday Included, six months . . 4.25 Daily, Surfcay included, three months 2.25 Daily, fcunday included, one month .. .75 Daily, without Sunday, one year 6.00 Daily, without Sunday, six months . . 3.25 Daily, without Sunday, one month. . .60 Sunday, one year . 2.60 (By Carrier.) Daily, Sunday included, one year . . . .$9.00 Dally, Sunday included, three months 2.25 Daily, Sunday included, one month. .. .75 Dally, without Sunday, one year .... 7.80 Dally, without Sunday, three months. 1.U5 Daily, without Sunday, one month.. .65 How to Remit Send postofflce money order, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps coin or currency are at owner's risk. Give postolfice address in fuil, including county and state. Postage Kates i to IB pages, 1 cent; 18 to 82 pages, 2 cents; 34 to 48 pages, S cents; BO to 64 pages, 4 certs: 66 to 80 pages, 6 cents; 82 to 6 pages. 6 cents. Foreign postage doable rate. Eastern Business Offices Verree & Conklln, 800 Madison avenue, New York; Verree & Conklin, Steger building, Chi cago; Verree & Conklln. Free Press build ing. Detroit, Mich.; Verree & Conklin, Monadnock building, Saa Francisco. Cal. THE SHIP SUBSIDY PROGRAMME. President Harding is unquestion ably right in demanding that con gress remain in session till a ship subsidy has been passed. He can not gain the support of a sufficient body of public opinion to compel congress to comply -with his de mand if he asks support for the method of selling the emergency fleet amd of administering the sub sidy that Is embodied in the Lasker bill or for amy similar plan of bureaucratic despotism. If toe will adopt from the Lasker bill the various forms of government aid to building and operation of ships and will substitute for the Lasker plan of administration a plan which will give ample security against discrimination either in sale of slhips or la grant of subsidy, which will inspire confidence In the buyer that ho will get the full amount of subsidy as soon as he earns it by complying with conditions clearly defined by the law, not variable In the discretion of the shipping board, he cam unite the people of the seaboard -and the interior, north, south, east and west, farmer, manufacturer, miner and lumber man lin support of such a bill. , The lack of interest that dis poses congress to pigeonhole the subject does not arise from oppo sition to the general principle of the subsidy; it arises from distrust of Chose provisions of the Lasker bill which render the subsidy a favor to be granted or withheld, to be increased or diminished, by the board not an exact, Just debt to be honestly paid when honestly earned. In opening the last of his ar ticles in the Chicago Tribune Mr. Lasker well defined the present shipping problem, saying: One of the greatest problems the pres ent administration faced at its inception was the necessity for liquidating the gov ernment owned fleet so that it should pass into private hands, end the loss of government operation, cause the creation of a privately owned fleet that would be rightly balanced for war and peace time needs, and insure at the same time that the art of ship-building in America be kept alive in face of the ten-year naval holiday. That is the desire of practically the whole nation im which, for the first time in discussion of shipping bills, the middie.west and the south Join the Atlantic and Pacific coasts. as was demonstrated by the testi mony before the joint committee Of. congress. But the shipping board and the small clique of ship owners with whioh it takes counsel do not realize that that desire can not be gratified under the plan of administration put forward by the board. For such a bill public opin ion could not be united to a suffi- cient degree to enact it into law, and. If that were possible, the plan could not accomplish the desired result. The Oregondan has no criticism to offer of the several forms of government aid proposed In the Lasker bill. If the law should leave no doubt in the mind of the Investor that, when he complied with certain conditions, the aid promised could not be withheld or diminished, or could not be ren dered nugatory by the grant of a liigher subsidy to a competitor or by the sale to a competitor of first class ships entitled to a high rate of subsidy, for which ships he was denied' opportunity to bid, it should succeed. The investor wants the element of doubt reduced to the minimum when putting his capital into a new venture, but the bill raises that element to the max imum by making the success of his investment contingent on the dis cretion of the board. Be would in quire into the past action of the board, and he would find that it had grossly discriminated in favor of some companies and of the ports supporting them In favor of other companies and their ports, even to the point of favoring those which have lost money for the govern ment as against those which have made money, or at least paid their way. Then he would be apt to say: I am willing to gamble on the shipping business provided get a square deal and the game is open and aboveboard, but I will not gamble on the way the ship ping board will exercise practically unlimited discretion." That is why the board under Ka . own bill would fail to solve the first part of its problem, "liquidat ing the government owned fleet so that it should pass into private hands." The first requisite to sale la to make a market; Mr. Lasker knows that, being an advertising man. Such would be the purpose and effect of a subsidy scheme, well devised and well administered. By frightening away new investors, the bill would close the great potential market offered by the opportunity to engage new capital In the busi ness. It would restriot sales to the Hmited market offered by the small number of existing compa nies, control of which centers in a little clique of New York capital ists. If the board should refuse to sell to this clique at its own price, the remaining parts of the problem would remain unsolved. The board could not "end the loss of govern ment operation, cause the creation of a privately owned fleet, rightly balanced, and insure that the art of shipbuilding be kept alive." Saab s would eacjwater the I opposition of the middle west, the south amd all of the Paclflo coast except the pet ports of the shipping clique, and would have small chance of passing. If it should pass, there would .be constant agi tation for Us amendment or repeal, which would discourage the closely knit shipping group from buying. The only way to make a quick market for such a great investment is to attract new capital among classes of people and in sections of the country to which the shipping business is new. For the first time since the decline of the sailing ship began, there is a lively interest in establishment of an American mer chant marine in ports of the' south Atlantic, gulf and Pacific coasts and, most significant of ail, among the farmers and manufacturers of the middle west. They realize that ships are the delivery wagon whiten carries their goods to foreign cus tomers, and brings back raw ma terial for manufacture. They are aroused to the necessity of reducing transportation cost. They not only want American ships, but they want a financial interest in them in order to have a voice ia manag ing those ships to serve them well. They have been educated in. invest ment by the purchase of liberty bonds and by the great volume of foreign and domestic securities that hag been thrown on the market since the war. A subsidy bill wihdeh gave assurance of a square deal, of no discrimination, would cause each of the ports in question, to combine with the producers in the territory that it serves in buying ships for the purpose of establish ing home-owned lines by the short est rail and ocean route to its for eign markets. Once interested in this manner in the merchant ma rine, the people at large would support measures for its mainte nance. The true policy is to sell to the American people literally, not to , the group "of ship-owners now in the field that covets the fleet. aroused by wild and preposterous antics by burlesque policemen, and huge feet, and flying pastry, and drenched swains, and skidding autos, and all the stock and store of venerable slap-stick. '. Witless the public may be, but it requires only a trace of- genius to slap-stick to elicit laughter, whole hearted and genuine merriment. The source of risibility is touched as surely as when we chortle to see some fellow pedestrian; desert his dignity on an icy walk, or a fat man racing his hat in a March breeze. We are children again, elementals, gleeful at discomfiture and its attendant provisos. Who shall say, the high of brow, that the deft delivery of a custard pie is not worthy of laughter? Or that a cross-eyed comedian, is not en hanced in public value? It is called slap-stick, yet it is as ancient as tkiatrionism and as enduring. Let the custard be its symbol. , DRIFTING. We have no wish to discourage discussion by the various women's clubs of the radical primary election change suggested in the resolution adopted by the federation at Tillamook. That sug gestion is that each woman's club give cue programme to discussioir. of the plan of having but one ballot at primary elections on whioh all political parties shall be designated and of amending registration laws so as to eliminate the necessity of announcing the voter's party affili ation. Indeed, discussion ought to promote a lively sense of the utter futility of the expense of a direct primary if such a change be adopted. If it be desirable to obliterate political party lines, as Mrs. Dean, author of the resolution, says in a letter today that it is, there is an inexpensive short cut to that goal. It is abolishment of the direct pri mary and substitution in the gen eral election of the non-partisan preferential voting system first, second and other choices of candi dates as now applied to the elec tion of Portland city officials. Such a plan accomplishes in one election all that would be accomplished in two under Mrs. Dean's plan. We doubt, however, that the peo pie are ready or willing to abolish poEtical parties altogether. The right of persons of like mind as to governmental policies to organize and- promote the election of officers pledged to carry out those policies has been ingrained in this and other democratic governments. Fit ness for office, in the American conception, includes but also goes beyond personal morality and per sonal sincerity. The convictions of the candidate as to what govern mental activities, policies, econ- omies and the like are best for the whole people enter into the pro priety of his selection. And as to those things the people themselves will never be united in opinion. But the farther we advance to ward denial of free expression; by the people as to policies, the far ther we move toward denial of free exercise of their opinions in elections the farther also we shall advance toward elec tion of candidates on the extra neous matters of their religion, their ancestry, their race, their good-fellowship or something else. We have seen it happen in Oregon. The correspondent is mistaken. She even denies the plain facts of history when she says that declara tion of party affiliation is . un- American. It is nothing to be ashamed of. It is the purest sort of Americanism of the most time- honored tradition. And whatever scoffers and primary stand-patters may say in extenuation, the dis maying coincidence remains that the cost of government, the burden of taxation, has mounted in pro portion as party government and party responsibility have declined in proportion as we have de parted from the sound principle of electing men for" what they stand for and have elected them for rea sons apart from their complete fitness for office. EAST MONEY. . Bewailing the fate of Paul Barnes, author of "Good Bye, Dolly Gray," and other songs, who died a pauper though his lyrics yielded him a fortune, does not provide a remedy, nor for that matter is it likely that one can be found. Thrift, the capacity for hanging onto money, probably never will be taught successfully. Experience is the only teacher and it must be experience in getting money in such a way that something as to the value of it will have been learned. Barnes made money easily amd lost it the same way. His case is not peculiar. Including those who inherit wealth from ancestors who worked for it, the easy money boys are nearly all of them headed in the same direction. There are Coal Oil Johnnies in the song-writing business, in the motion, pictures, in the oil fields and everywhere else. The point is not that they have not given value received for their money, or that people begrudge it to them, but that a sound and last ing prosperity ought imot to be won too easily, else it will be held in too light esteem. This is one of the reasons why the menace of so-called swollen fortunes in a country in which es tates are not entailed ia not a mat ter of real concern. The old say ing that it is but three generations from shirtsleeves to shirtsleeves in America contains the seeds of a profound philosophy which is not vitiated by the circumstance that Barnes money lasted less than a single generation. About every thing that Is worth while Involves some effort in the getting. There is only one thing that will teach the value of the dollar, and that is the necessity of rustling for it. THE NEVER-FAILING CUSTARD. Close observers of the motion picture assert that the day of the crude 'comic is done, and that it has been or soon will be replaced by humor that is art. You may capitalize it, if you wish. Chaplin has laid down his slap-stick and Harold Lloyd is something more than a diverting clown. Presently we shall be smiling in well-bred manner, or at most permitting our selves a few soft ha-has, when the screen comedy attains a climax. The stout guffaw, the riotous cat call, the whoopee, will ail be as extinct as the great auk. Perhaps, and then again, maybe not. At any rate the decline of the crude oomedy has not been decreed by public distaste It may well be that respective artists, having tasted the sweets of comparative fame, seek to enshrine themselves by foregoing all low and loutish devices and really interpreting the high art of humor. Charley him self has grieved for Sbakesperian roles. He is long wearied of buf foonery. Yet it is quite another matter to. assume that their pa trons share with them such dreams of grandeur. The truth, unfortu nate or not, is that the public's taste for humor is decidedly ele mental, and that it still joys in custard pie affrays. Not that it does not dearly love a clever, gen tie comedy, with the semblance of a plot, and with characters who conform, but that it is also sus- TTTK TREATY OF JUNE 15, 1846. The event which the Oregon pio neers annually commemorate by meeting an June 15 is the conclu sion of the treaty between Great Britain and the united States by which, on that date in 1846, the boundary between this country and Canada west of the Rocky moun tains was determined to be the par allel of 49 degrees north. Undoubt edly the chief factors in deciding the American tite to the Oregon country, irrespective of precise boundary lines, were the early pio neers who settled the country while statesmen and diplomats at home and in Europe debated, their fine points of law. A good many technicalities-were ignored in the final adjustment of the'issue; the larger, human aspect was recognized for what it was worth; the fact that first pioneers had demonstrated the overwhelmingly superior utility of the region to Americans loomed large in the outcome. It had been made plain by the time the final negotiations were begun that the arguments of contiguity and con tinuity and of probable use and settlement would outweigh those other and more technical conten tions which had clouded our ex changes in preceding years. It was well, as it turned out, that the treaty was delayed. We might ' have fared worse If the issue had been precipitated earlier, and it is now pretty well understood that the "fifty-four-forty or fight slo gan of the Polk campaign was not made of material capable of with standing the test. As a matter of fact Great Britain itself was not prepared to concede even the forty ninth parallel as the dividing line when that parallel was proposed in the course of the negotiations whioh culminated in the treaty of Ghent, at the close of the war of 1812. This parallel, then deter mined upon as to the country im mediately east of the Rockies, was not extended westward for more than thirty years. Two-thirds of this Intervening period was marked by inactivity in which the British upon the whole made good at least an equal claim. The decade imme diately preceding the signing of the treaty in 1846 was perhaps the most fateful in Oregon history. It included the inception and develop. ment of the missionary movement. which gave encouragement to set tlement, and these together turned the scale. The interval of joint occupancy, a device of statesmen to avoid an open clash over an issue which neither side regarded as worth blood-letting, was fraught with in cidents interesting chiefly to those who like to speculate upon the ro mantic possibilities of the might-have-been. At one time during the preliminaries to the treaty of joint occupancy entered into in 1818 the British government developed theory, not then wholly without reasonableness, that the Columbia river formed the. most convenient boundary, and proposed an agree ment upon parallel 49 westward to that river, the line thence following the river to the sea, the stream and the harbor at its mouth to be held in common. A joint-occupancy arrangement which might have se riously changed the current of our history was proposed in 1823 by Secretary Adams, who was willing that Russia should share the privi lege with Great Britain and our selves. Our minister to England, Mr. Rush, made formal tender of 49 as a basis of settlement in 1823, a fact that embarrassed us a year. later in a proposal that the line be drawn at 51. Again, In 1826, we were willing to accede to 49.- Hen ry Clay thought we would be un likely to do better than that. ' On August 8, 1826, he wrote to Albert Gallatin: The president cannot consent that the boundary between tne territories ot me two powers of the northwest -coast ! should be south of 49. The British gov ernment ha not been committed by of 48, but if there had been. it pride may take refute in the offer whioh. for the first time, yon are to propose, of a right In common to the navigation of the Columbia river. There is no objec tion to an extension of the time to be al lowed to British settlers to remove from south of 49 to a period of fifteen years, if you should find that it would facilitate such an arrangement. The British insisting on the re gion north and west of the Co lumbia, the Americans raised the point that this would give Great Britain all of the harbors within the straits of Juan de Fuca, &m un fair division of harbors, as it seemed. This drew forth a counter concession of a detached strip com prising part of what Is now known as the Olympic peninsula, including Port Discovery within the waters of Puget sound and all of Grays har bor on the Pacific ocean. Gallatin offered tentatively to depart from the parallel 49 "if on account of the geographical features of the country & deviation founded on mutual convenience was found ex pedient," and suggested that "any deviation in one place to the south should be compensated for by an equivalent in another place to the north of that parallel." Gallatin had in mind an exchange for the southern extremity of Vancouver island which was ultimately con ceded to Great Britain but witlhout an equivalent such as was then suggested-. The negotiations in this period were conducted in an amicable spirit and their most sig nificant feature, as we now view them, was the admission of the British plenipotentiaries that Great Britain claims no exclusive sovereignity over that territory." These bits of all-but-fsrgotten history, as has been suggested, are interesting now because they en able us to visualize a map of the Pacific northwest as it might have been. Dominance .""of the forty- ninth parallel also excluded us for ever from claiming the territory to fifty-four-forty unless we had been willing to risk all upon a 'costly and doubtful war. Buchanan, indeed, in 1845, les3 than a year after 'Fifty-four-forty or fight!" had been the democratic campaign slo gan, announced that Polk was will ing to -recede from this, "having found himself embarrassed, if not committed, by the acts of his pre decessors." We were superficially near to war, in fact, in the latter days of that year when Polk wrote to. his dlary: A grave discussion took place, in view of the contingency of war with Great Britain, growing out of the present state of the Oregon, question. Mr. Eucnanan expressed himself decidedly in favor of making vigorous preparation for defense and said it was his conviction that the next two weeks- would decide the issue of peace or war. I expressed my concur rence that the country should be put in a state of defense without delay. The spirit of compromise pre vailed among the leaders on both sides, however. Congress, at first belligerent, was persuaded to mod ify the tone of its resolution calling for termination! of the treaty of Joint occupancy. And it is a fact of more than sentimental Interest that when the treaty was completed Polk sent it informally to the sen ate with a request for counsel. "In the early- periods of the govern ment," wrote the president, "the opinion and advice of the senate were often taken in advance upon important questions of foreign- pol icy. General Washington repeat edly consulted the senate. This practice, though.rarely resorted to in later times, was, in my judgment. eminently wise. The senate re- Stars and Stannakers. By Leone C&fi Bser, Those Who Come and Go. Tales of Folks at tke Hotels. . Burroughs Nature Club. Copyright, Honghton-MlffHw Co. sponded by advising acceptance of the terms tentatively agreed upon, thereby guaranteeing confirmation of the treaty, which was formally signed seventy-six years ago today. In Bavaria the teaching of Eng lish has been substituted in, the schools for that of French on the ground that French culture has passed its zenith while English has become the commercial language of the world. The French will probably consider that a hostile demonstration and call up a few more divisions for "national de fense." Prom a New York theatrical ex change it Is learned that Ann Win ston is playing an Important role in new satirical comedy called "Shoot," which Is being presented at the MacDowell gallery, 108 West Fifty-fifth street. New York, by the Inter-Theater Arte, Inc. Besides Miss Winston, who is Jeannette Thomas Smith of Portland, the cast Includes A. Washington Pezet, actor, playwright and director; Helen Livorne, who is Mrs. A. Washington Pezet in private life; Charlotte Granville, an English actress; Don ald Cameron, Mary Blair and Mon tague Rutherford. ' e . William Rock, who has been head lining on the Keith circuit, Is seri ously ill in a private hospital is Philadelphia suffering from a ma lignant disease of the stomach. It is reported that there is little pros pect of continuing his theatrical engagements. Rock has long been a sufferer from stomach trouble. He Is well known along the Pacific coast. For many seasons he was Maude Fulton's partner and later picked up Frances White out of a chorus and made her a star. Mr. Rock played Portland last season, Introducing Helen Eby and Nancy Welford, who are recent dis coveries with exceptional talent '( Rhea Mitchell, a former Portland girl, who was a favorite as Ingenue with the Baker stock when she first went os the stage, is coming to Pantages next week as leading woman with Robert McKim In "The Re-Take," a one-act comedy drama. Miss Mitchell has been playing leads in pictures for a- dozen years and has visited her home city once only in that time, in a short engagement In vaudeville over the Orpheum with Theodore Roberts. General Doyen, who was com mandant of the marine camp at Quantico, Va., during the war,, de clared that the greatest speech he ever heard for its psychological ef fect was made by the late Lillian Russell when she said: "My beloved boys, you have my prayers and best wishes,. but that is not enough. I here and now pledge you all the money I have, my jew elry, all I have that will turn into money, to help you win this war, if necessary." - William Fabersham, the actor, Is defendant In a suit brought In the supreme court by his mother-in-law, Mary Opp, mother of the late Julie Opp. Mrs. Opp asks the court to set aside an executor's quit-claim deed, two mortgages and a bond on prop erty located on the south side of Seventeenth street, west of Ruther ford place, New York, declaring that the property was formerly owned by her husband, John Opp. The complainant further alleges that Mr. Fabersham Is Indebted to her for a large sum of money, which he "pretends he Is unable to pay." David Belasco has placed Mary Servoss under contract for a term of years. She will appear in a new play in the fall. For more than a year Miss Servoss has been under Mr. Belasco's observation. - Because of the Importance of the part she Is going to play. Miss Ser voss, through Mr. Belasco's advice. has taken a house for the summer in a country place little known, where she can study without interruption. Creaking, crude wagons, lumbered to the bank of the John Day river to ford the stream. The wagons were drawn by oxen and each wagon was loaded with a family and miscellaneous articles. These families were the emigrants who had crossed the plains and the Rocky mountains, . had touched at Fort Hall, had negotiated the Blue mountains and were headed for The Dalles, with Oregon. City as their ul timate destination. The John Day at that point has from 18 inches to two feet of water at a minimum and on occasion rises to 10 feet or more. If the river was up the emigrants camped along the bank until the waters eubsided before attempting the ford. This crossing of the John Day river is about 21 miles above its mouth and today the ford is the site of the McDonald ferry. "An iron post, marked 'Old Oregon Trail. was placed at the ford by Ezra Meeker when he marked the trail several years ago, says William G. McDon ald, owner of the ferry. "There's a matter rd like to have straight ened out," continued Mr. McDonald, "and that is this: Jack McCarthy, who won the relay race from The Dalles to Canyon City in the Whisky Gulch celebrtion last week, is not from Canyon City. McCarthy be longs to Dayville 80-odd miles from Canyon City and while It may not mean much to outsiders. still Dayville people want the credit of their town. Also the horses which McCarthy rode were Dayville horses, and not Canyon City nags. ' . Mr. and Mrs. (McDonald are at the Im perial- while attending the gradua tion of their son at Hill Military academy. v The poll tax in Washington state is causing no end of furore, though it amounts to only S3 a head. If that same tax were levied1 indirect ly the same puhlio would pay it with hardly a protest, which Just goes to show how like the human being is to the ostrich what it can't see doesn't bother it much. Those who chaTge all things in connection with, civil service rat ings for postmasters will be as tounded to learn the place at The Dalles is likely to go to the man who stood first. That eleven-year-old girl who went from the fourth grade to the equivalent of college entrance re quirements in one year may still be lacking a diploma in dish-wash ing proficiency. The latest in Turkish massacres tells of 1300 Christian women and children, taken into the interior and killed. Turks, however, do not kill all their Christian women, prison ers. Why not make Saturday a day off, get an "Official Car" banner and be an individual host for Port land? The committee in charge needs cars and more cars. No doubt Shiriners who attended both compared the Bay city's fog" with Portland's sunshine of two years ago. Suppose we ask them here in 1925. More Truth Than Poetry. By James J SJontajrne. Little Mitzi Hajos, who has dropped the Hajos and is known only as Mitzi, has gone to Europe and to visit her mother in Austria She was accompanied by her hus band, Boyd Marshall. Leo Ditrichstein will be seen in a new play next season after a few summer trial performances to deter mine Its availibllity for New York presentation. The new play is "The Man Who Poses," by Ben Hecht, who is better known to the public as a novelist than as a playwright. Those "Berrians" have the "old Yamhill" spirit amd will show lit at ceptlilo, to insipllcabta SateUi positive iajeetlon-of, line on th parallel 'the Bjoo Feval, . Of over a hundred girls graduat ing from one of the high schools, fifty-seven are undecldett on a career .except marriage, a decidedly proper ambition. There's material for the novelist, reprieve from the death sen tence of an officer because he is the son of a titled girl, born when, she was 17. . Nobody is starting a relief fund for the injured in the Sunday storm in New York. That's a foreign country, in the "near" east section, though. Duka Kahanamoku, the Hawai ian, is to swim in the south. A man with a name like that ought to swim at Oconomowoc. Graduates from the so-called col lege of hard knocks frequently have a diploma in knocking. It is now admitted that David Belasco will present Geraldlne Far- rar in a highly dramatic German play in the fall. The imported ve hicle bears the title of "Die Bal lerina des Koenig." Farrar will be the dancer In the court of Frederick the Great Those who read the signs of the future on the" theatrical horizon predict that Farrar's personality will dominate even the king's. The plot of the play deals with mysteriaus amours In the shadows of the Prussian court. It is said that the adapters are busy revising the lines before putting them in the hands of the cast, and that Farrar will wear gorgeous period gowns and will move about in a luxurious 1760 setting. Mexico City is resuming Its old- time fair for artistio enterprises. The various revolutions discouraged the capital's penchant for fine music and dancing, but now comes the renaissance . Andreas Pavley and Serge Oukralnsky, with their en tire company of solo dancers and ballet, have left Chicago for a full month's engagement, beginning early in June, at the Mexican capital. This is the largest artistic organ ization to go to Mexico, Senor del Rivero, Mexican lmpressario, who brought Caruso, Titta Ruffo and Rosa Raisa to Mexico City, arranged for the present tour, following the exchange of communications with Senor Jose Mojlca, Mexican star of the Chicago Opera association- for three seasons. The El Toreo, the biggest ' bull ring in the world, where Caruso used to sing, has been roofed over and made into an enormous theater for opera performances. The Pav- ley-Oukrainsky ballet will be the first to appear in the remodeled amphitheater, which seats 24,000 persons. Complete scenery and equipment for 12 elaborate ballets and 54 divertisements have been taken for the Mexican tour. The Mexican government, eager to have great artistic productions resumed, pro vided a special train for the com pany of 50. The Orchestra Sym phonio Nationals of Mexico has been lent by the government In its en- i tirade to, support to) The register of the Multnomah' yesterday resembled a page from the newspapers of 1898, during the Spanish-American war. There were patrons on the book from Clenfue- gos, Guatanamo, Havana and San tiago de Cuba. Matanzas, however, which became famous because of the mule killed there, has no represen tative. The visitors from the van ous Cuban cities are members of the Rotary club returning" home from the convention in California. A grouchy sort of Individual in the Multnomah lobby read the Cuban names and said: "We fought for Cuban liberty and now Cuba has more liberty than the United States, for there is no prohibition in the island. The second best fisherman in can tral Oregon is in Portland today. He is William H. Irving, an attorney of Madras, Or, who is here attending the session of the Masonic grand lodge. Mr. Irving is a former mayor of Madras. The fishing abilities of Mr. Irving are celebrated in his sec tion of the state. He is a regular go-get-'em, one of the sort who can catch fish where there aren't any- you get the idea? What Mr. Irving doesn't know about fish "in the streams and lakes of central Oregon isn't worth mentioning and his knowledge of the Deschutes river Is like that Sam Weller had of London, "extensive and peculiar." Just to prevent precipitating a controversy the very best fisherman of central v-regon will not be mentioned, but all of him agree unanimously that illiam H. Irving is the second best, Mr. and Mrs. W. R, Norton of Cor pus Christ!, Tex., are at the Mult nomah. Corpus Christ! gets into the headlines on the front page every once in a while. The last time was about two years ago when it - was practically destroyed by a storm from the gulf, there being great loss of life and property damage. The people, however, started in clearing the wreckage and rebuilding the town. Owing to its exposed posi tion. Corpus Christ! is subject to se vere storms. Someone could write a song about 'When it's onion blos som time In Corpus Christ!," for there are acres and acres of Ber muda Onions grown in that vicin ity. Truck garden stuff gets on the market early from ; that : section, which makes it particularly profit able. ... These are busy days for John Hampshire, contractor, for he has some jobs that have to be pushed this season. Among them is a sec tion of the Roosevelt highway in Curry county. Mr. Hampshire made the grade through the canyon in southern Oregon for the Pacific highway, a route which eliminated Cow Creek canyon, and he also built the grade through the moun tains from Camas to Remote, on the Roseburg-Coos Bay highway, one of the hardest jobs the highway de partment has had. The headquar ters of Mr. Hampshire, who Is reg istered at the Hotel Portland, is Grants Pass, and he has given that town thousands of dollars' worth of advertising by his use of the slogan. Tit b the climate." Can Ton Answer These Questions 1. Do any birds turn white in win- I ter the way ermines do . 2. Do forest fires hurt the ground? 3. Do baby pronghorns have horns? Answers- in tomorrow's Nature Notes. ' Answers to Previous Question. 1. How do birds know where to find food? Probably locate it by aid of hear ing and sight. The sense of smell is not believed to be very keen. Tests with certain birds, as vultures, which eat strong smelling food customar ily, showed them indifferent to the smell when the food was covered so as to be out of sight, but plainly odorous. 2. How long do trout take to grow to full size? Hard to answer, as growth varies so with conditions of food, etc. Cap tive trout are thought not to reach as large srrowth as those that enjoy natural existence with more swim ming area. Yearlings measure two and a half to four Inches; two-year- olders, six inches. Well-fed trout In a pond average a pound weight. when slightly over three years old. The quality and quantity of food af fects not only growth, but appear ance, and even the color of trout- meat. S S .-'" 3. Are wolves plentiful enough now to amount to anything? Yes, any .cattleman of western ranges will give you figures on losses of stock by wolves. They kill more than they eat, seeming to pre fer fresh killed to risking a return to the victim. Wolves are as wary as foxes In dodging traps and hunt ers, and besides this, successfully rear each spring April or May unusually large families, up to 13 pups being iborn In dens in locations hard to get at, and carfully guarded and fed by both parents. Hence the wolf population is replenished faster than it is killed off. PARTIES SHOULD BE ABOLISHED AN APOLOGY. It's hot In Madagascar, And humid is the air: The toughest Hindu Lascar Gets heat prostration there; Y6t loafing Is forbidden, And persons who are lax, The hottest day. Are made to pay A devil ot a tax. 1 The millionaire or menial, Who holds the fond belief That work is uncongenial. Are taKen to the chief. Who frisks their scanty clothing Right there upon the spot. And from It shakes ' And promptly takes W hatever they have got. We never have attempted This method over here; The loafer Is exempted Throughout his whole career. In systems of taxation Employed in temperate zones. The chap who works. And never shirks, uets taxed ior nair it owns. With Ignorant unklndness we sung that well-known sonjr: "The heathen in his blindness," But now perceive we're wrong. To Madagascar's rulers We gladly lift our hats. For now we find That they're not blind. But WE are blind as bats! On the Rush. It is getting so now that the only time England sees Lloyd George is during the hour or twojthat It takes parliament to give him a vote of confidence. Still Busy. Now that the cost of living has come down, the profiteers appar ently have all Btarted bucket-shops. What Difference. June used to be known as the month of roses. Now It Is known as the month when the second in stallment on the Income tax Is due. (Copyright. 1922. by BeU Syndicate, Ino.) J. A. Wilson and L. B. Boydell are registered from Nyssa, Or., at the Imperial. It was a mistake made by people issuing a road map that caused the indignant citizens of Nyssa to vote against P. J. Gal lagher for representative and de feated him in the primaries for the legislature. Nyssa is really on the highway system, but a tourist map Was issued showing the main roads centering at Ontario and Nyssa left off. Just before the primaries some 5000 copies of this incorrect road map were shipped to Nyssa and the people went up in the air and took their revenge on Gallagher, figur ing, because, he had been in the legislature that he was In some way responsible and Gallaghers ex planations were not accepted. Being treasurer is a habit with James Cronemiller, of Jacksonville, once one of the real mining towns of the west. Mr. Cronemiller, now In Portland on business, was for merly the treasurer of Jackson county and he is serving as city treasurer of Jacksonville, which Medford wags refer to as J'ville. Charles E. Oliver Is at the Im perial from Waldport, the little town on Alsea bay. The oil excitement which attracted attention to vvald port a couple of years ago has died down, but natives still insist that there Is a pool of oil In that vicin ity as is attested by traces which have been found. Pine, two miles from Halfway and 001 miles east of Baker, the county seat. Is where H. A. DeLong regis ters from at the Imperial. The main p-dnta of this postoffice on Pine creek are the stage office and the DeLong general merchandise store. Reporting the roads in good con dition, a party arrived at the Per kins from Beach, N. D., yesterday. In the machine were Mr. and Mrs. Harry Emery, Gene Lyken and Flor ence Tennyson. Mr. 'and Mrs. L. S. Roberts of Red mond. Or, are in Portland while Mr. Roberts attends the Masonic grand lodge. Mr. Roberts is cashier of the First National bank in his home town. C. H. Conroy, a grocer of Pendle ton, recently foreman -of a grand jury in Umatilla county, is at the Multnomah. - , A W. Tifft. hardware dealer of Redmond, Or., Us among the arrivals a( the Imperial. - . Writer Advocates Blanket Ballot and Nonpartisan Registration. PORTLAND, June 14. (To the Editor.) Permit me space to say a few words with reference to the primary laws as now constituted. and the recommendation of a change therein. - First The women of Oregon are all 100 per cent American women. and In favor of a direct primary, but not as it is at present; that is why we recemmended a change. " In other words, we refuse to be branded, if you please, before we can use our best intelligence In the voting booth. We should have the same privacy and practice at the primary as we have at the general election. . We resent the "crack" of the politician's whip, or the frown of the toss" to coerce the timid In their desire to vote for principle and the candidate of their choice. Our proposition asks for one bal lot to lessen the expense and the labor, as well as to give to the voter what the American people should have, 100 per cent American ism; the perfect freedom of expres sion of opinion at the ballot box. During this period of reconstruc tion we must build anew and upon new foundations. The individual cannot give hs best thought and choice if coerced in any way, much less when stamped with the brand of party; party lines - should be obliterated in state and local politics and principle maintained; those imaginary lines are too expensive, and women must help you men to economize In your political house keeping, if we are to continue to have a home to live in There are many other ways of economizing In which the women - are ready and willing to help you and ourselves if permitted to. There may be a struggle to ob tain political freedom, but I do not think so. If so we have only to re member the long struggle for the primary in its present Imperfect form direct, being a misnomer, owing .to the restrictions placed upon it by the politicians and which oblige the voter to declare his po litical affiliations; and many changes may take place between primary and election day,, but his hands - are tied, and he is stamped, and must be rounded up on election day just as the cattle are rounded up in the fall from the ranges. This Is autocratic, unAmerican, and is humiliating to the thoughtful in telligent citizen, beneficial qnly to the bosses, the professional poli ticians. In the Interest of real democratic good government, true Americanism, and that freedom which the consti tution of the most glorious country under the sun guarantees, the con stitution of these United States of America to all of its citizens, wom en must see to it that this humiliat ing feature of our primary laws is repealed, and itt Its stead, one bal lot with the names of all recognized political parties appearing at its head each in its respective column and with the names of candidates opposite the name of the office they seek. MRS. O. W. DEAN. In Other Days. Twenty-five' Years Ago. From The Oreg-onian of June 15. 1807. New York. The United States government Immigrant station on Ellis island wan destroyed by fire this morning. Fifty members of the police de partment patrolmen and special of ficers, were taken to the Bishop Scott academy grounds and given their first Instruction in the art of drilling yesterday afternoon by Captain Snow and Patrolman J. F. Burke. Rev. Dr. X Vorsanger, the distin guished rabbi of Temple Emmanuel of San Francisco, arrived in this city yesterday, and is at the Port land. Judge Sears yesterday expressed it as his opinion that the nickel-in-the-slot machine is a gambling de vice or a lottery. Collection of Mine Wages. SKAMANIA, Wash., June 13. (To the Editor.) 1. Please advise me as to whether a wife would have to probate the estate of her husband if he had given her full power of at torney over the only property he had. There are no other relatives and no will made. 2. Would the board of directors of an Oregon mine be liable for the back wages due a man who met his death while working at the mine? INTERESTED. Your power of attorney would be ended by the death of your husband, unless you had an interest In the property. The question does not contain facts on which this point can be decided. You probably would have to probate the estate to give a clear title to the real property. 2. The corporation, not the direc tors, is liable for the wages men tioned. Any property owned by the corporation could be levied upon and sold to satisfy a judgment for wages. Violation of Election Laws, . PORTLAND, June 14. (To the Editor.) Please inform me If there Is a law against a candidate for election serving on an election board or if there Is one against electioneering at the polls. If there are such laws, what would be the penalty for violation of the same? A candidate for office is disquali fied to hold a position on an elec tion board. Electioneering on elec tion day Is prohibited by law. whether at the polls or elsewhere. The penalty for first offense is a fine of $5 to S100; for subsequent offense Imprisonment for five to 30 day may be imposed also. . Fifty Years Ago. Prom The Oreg-onian of June 15. 1872. Vienna. General Sherman is here today and was presented to the emperor. A man In eastern Oregon is a millionaire in confederate money. We are informed by Captain Kel logg that there are now employed on the canal leading from the head of the Tualatin river to the head of Oswego lake abontSO men. Rev. A. R. Medbury, the new pas tor of the First Baptist church In this city, Is among the passengers on board the John L. Stephens. He will enter upon his duties the first of next month. NO MORE DUCKS IN HIS GARDEN Mr. Woodward's Experience vVttn "Quacks" Disastrous to Lettuce. PORTLAND, June 14. (To the Ed itor.) For a half century, first a task, later a joy, the writer has delved in his kitchen garden. Out of It has coined inspiration, pota toes, peas and peace. He has also learned a few lessons of life. His garden joins well with the sorrows and joys of school board work. " The Oregonian refers to little Gerald, his pet duck and the love of that duck for slugs, and how in a few weeks all the slugs In Ger ald's erarden were gone and per mission from a neighbor to hunt slugs in the said neighbor's garden was readily granted. There the writer pauses in retrospection. Some years ago his garden brought forth a marvelous crop of these slimy, deliberate but nonethe less effective creatures. Slugs big and little, active like vice in the hours of darkness, took first his lettuce then other garden edibles. They scorned weeds, selecting only the choicest of his carefully watched plants. Then the writer read of the ef fective work of a tame duck and -purchased two, making "ducks and drakes' of $3, brought them home in a covered basket tucked away under his seat in a streetcar, where their loud protests caused his neighbors in the same car to make jocular remarks about the apoth ecary's close association with "quacks." They were held in durance over night In order to acquire a fine appetite for slugs and turned loose the next morning as the writer left home, with a parting injunction to his wife: "Suzanna, you are going to have the time of your life today watching those ducks eat slugs." An hour later the phone rang: William Woodward, you should come home and see your ducks." Why?" 'Why! ' you've made a mistake. You have selected the wrong vari ety. They haven t tastd a slug as near as I can observe. They have, however, eaten a large portion of your garden and I have chased them until we three ducks are out of wind and the feathered ones are back in the basket In which they came. How come?" Those ducks were sold that morn ing at a heavy loss to the vegetable Chinaman, who remarked as he car ried them out of the yard: "Ducks, he no good eat slugs, too muchee lettuce." A little unslacked lime placed where a speeding slug will cross it, a tin can and a pair of deft fingers, a very early jaunt through the gar den with sharp eyes, will enable, the gardener to make quicker work of the slug problem than any duck that ever waddled. Do not allow bricks and boards to He around your garden1 unless used as traps, for under their dark recesses the slugs will always gravitate during sunny hours. WILLIAM F. WOODWARD. Musical Criticism Corrected? Judge. "Gracious, how loudly your hus band snores. He must be very tired!" "You're mistaken, my dear. Be Is ' practicing on little Harry's new saxophone